Corona vaccine || How Long Will People Around The World Be Vaccinated Against The Virus?

The head of the World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanoma Ghabrais, said: Not just in countries that can afford immunizations because they are at risk everywhere.

The vaccine will play a key role in normalizing the post-epidemic world, but there are many obstacles and many countries may have a long way to go compared to many other countries.

In addition to the problems of vaccine supply facilities, for example, some states and political groups have started competing and a kind of 'vaccine nationalism' has emerged which has pushed the population of poor countries back in the line of vaccination.

There are other barriers to vaccination, including reluctance to vaccinate, production and supply of vaccines, etc., which block the use of vaccines for the purpose of the final fight against Code 19 globally.

Given these obstacles, how long can we hope that this global vaccination program against COVID will be really useful?

How is the vaccine process going?

Immunization programs against COVID 19 have been launched in many countries, but there is a mismatch between supply and demand.

According to Our World in Data (OWID), 565 million doses have been distributed in 138 countries so far and about 13.9 million people have been fed as of March 30.

Overall, this amount may seem overwhelming, but it is just a dose for 7.2% of the world's 7.8 billion people.

If vaccinations continue at the same rate, it will take more than three years for everyone around the world to be vaccinated, especially when these vaccines require two doses to show their full effect.

The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) says most adults in rich economies could be vaccinated by mid-2022.

For middle-economy countries, this timeline extends to the end of 2022 or early 2023, while the world's poorest countries may have to wait until 2024 for large-scale immunizations, if they get vaccinated.

What vaccines are in use?

The United Kingdom first approved Pfizer's biotech vaccine on December 2 last year, then the United States and then the European Union.

This was followed by a number of other vaccines, including Moderna in the United States, AstraZeneca (developed by Oxford University in the UK), Cyanoform in China, and Sputnik Five in Synovik and Russia. 

Two more vaccines have recently been introduced following the results of large-scale trials. It has been worked on in Japan and will be reviewed by drug regulators in several countries before the vaccines, owned by Johnson & Johnson and Novavix, are approved. Johnson & Johnson has received approval in the United States.

Encouraging signs of vaccine use are emerging in countries such as Israel and the United Kingdom, as hospital admissions and deaths are declining, as are community transmissions.

More than 200 vaccines worldwide are being tested for efficacy and safety. If they are approved and produced, global immunization programs could grow rapidly.

But despite the unprecedented effort to design, manufacture and approve these vaccines in record time, their global implementation is incredibly unstable as it faces a variety of hurdles.

What is 'vaccine nationalism'?

'Vaccine nationalism' refers to governments that greedily or unjustly seek to obtain goods for their nation or population at the expense of others.

Many rich countries are buying vaccines indiscriminately and in excess under bilateral agreements with pharmaceutical countries.

Canada, for example, has ordered five times the amount of vaccines for its population, and will receive additional AstraZeneca vaccines from the United States, as announced by President Biden.

The United Kingdom has also been accused of stockpiling vaccines. Jeremy Farrer, director of Wellcome, says the UK will have enough food to vaccinate its entire population twice.

"We need to think beyond our borders," he said. So many foods will not work in the UK, now is the time to start sharing these foods with the world in need. It's more than just a question of ethics, it's a scientific and economic necessity. "

Similarly, the European Union has spoken out against the imposition of export controls on vaccines manufactured in its territory because it too is facing difficulties in implementing its vaccination program.

All this means that the valuable supply of vaccines is limited to a handful of rich economies and is not being shared equally with poor countries.

Seth Berkeley, CEO of the Vaccine Alliance Gavi, said last month: The crisis will be longer than in 2009 [like the swine flu vaccine].

"Although vaccine doses are promised in every country, delays in their delivery have helped to spread the corona virus, change its shape and possibly adapt to the human body and adapt to conditions," he said.

Are vaccines reaching where they should?

Many middle-economy countries and most low-income countries are relying on the Vaccine Coalition to protect their populations.

Organized by the WHO, the campaign aims to provide six billion meals to poor countries, including two billion in 2021.

So far, 32 million doses have been sent to 70 allied countries, with the latest deliveries to Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, according to the Vaccine Alliance.

African countries will be among the last to vaccinate most of their populations and will rely exclusively on cows.

Ghana is the first country to begin receiving vaccines last month on the promise of strict standards and prompt distribution, but the country of more than 30 million people has initially been given only 600,000 doses.

"Some [countries] have demanded patent exemptions from major pharmaceutical companies, which would lower food prices and make it easier to develop more vaccines."

"But these big companies don't agree because they know it will reduce their profits."

Kuud new types of vaccine 19 g How does it affect you?

It was expected that new forms of the virus would emerge as all viruses change and replicate themselves to spread and survive.

Most of these mutations are fairly minor, but sometimes there are mutations that help the virus to thrive, such as in the case of mutants in the United Kingdom, Brazil, and South Africa.

There is no evidence yet that these different types have caused more serious illness, and most experts believe that vaccines will still be effective, at least in the short term.

But it is feared that if COVID-19 is allowed to spread unhindered worldwide, the virus could change to the point that existing vaccines and treatments can no longer work against it, even infecting them. Those who have been vaccinated will be at risk.

Experts say that in the worst case scenario, if necessary, the vaccine can be modified within weeks or months.

In this case, a fresh dose of coronavirus may be needed each year to deal with a new strain of the virus, as has been the case with seasonal flu.

What about 'reluctance to get vaccinated'?

'Vaccine reluctance' can also have a significant effect on global immunity.

Despite access to the vaccine in some rich countries, the pace of vaccination is declining. A recent survey in France and Japan, for example, found that half the population did not want to be vaccinated.

Italy, along with Germany, suspended the vaccination of AstraZeneca for several weeks until both countries were exposed to a third-wave infection, prompting the WHO to suspend vaccine protection. Was forced to issue related statements.

This reluctance seen in the developed world can be felt even in poor countries, especially when the global vaccination process is slowing down.

Some countries, especially those with a much younger population, may lose interest in the vaccine, especially if the disease is widespread (and a large portion of the population is already immune to the disease) or If the associated costs are too high.

Agathe DeMaris, EIU's global forecasting director, said: "If the global vaccination timeline extends to the end of 2022 and 2023, it will increase the risk that some developing countries will not vaccinate their populations. Would like to give

"Such a situation would delay the recovery of the global economy and promote the emergence of new forms of the corona virus that could be resistant to existing vaccines and bring us back to where we started." ۔ '

Less vaccinations will have a dramatic effect on the overall population, and experts say vaccinating the entire population is the best way to eradicate the epidemic.

We have a large population of people providing immunity to the disease can?

By vaccinating a large human population, we can provide immunity to the disease and then we can stop its spread to the rest. It is different for each disease, for example measles requires vaccination for 95% of the population and 80% of the population needs to be vaccinated against polio.

Because COVID-19 is a new threat that has not been detected in herds of sheep, epidemiologists believe that it can be achieved by vaccinating about 70% of the population.

However, as the epidemic enters its second year, experts are slowly advancing the figure.

President Biden's chief medical adviser, Anthony Fookie, admitted that he had gradually increased the estimate over time, and estimated that the figure could be between 70% and 90%.

The vaccine has eliminated kuud 19 's will?

Chris White, the UK's chief medical officer, said in an official statement that he believed the chances of removing Code 19 were "close to zero because it doesn't matter."

Professor Whitty added: "We have only eradicated one disease, which is smallpox, and that too with an exceptionally effective vaccine over a long period of time."

But that doesn't mean vaccination efforts are in vain, as partial immunizations could lead to increased virus transmission and more variations in the global population.

An analysis by Christopher Murray of the University of Washington and Peter Piot of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine warns that global vaccination efforts need to be stepped up.

His report, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, states that "the possibility of permanent and seasonal code 19 is real" and that global vaccination efforts are the first step in preventing the disease. Recommended

But even if that is the case, vaccination programs have a very valuable role to play.

Professor Azra Ghani, chairperson of Infectious Diseases at Imperial College London, says the main purpose of the vaccines developed for COVID-19 is to save lives and to achieve immunity through vaccination and prevention of virus transmission. Is.

He added: "The way the virus was identified a year ago and in the meantime the progress that has been made in developing the vaccine for it is unprecedented. Scientific advances are being made against the new virus and a large number of teams of scientists around the world are working to test and improve the vaccine.

"So I think we can be optimistic that these efforts will lead to a higher level of protection, both direct and indirect, that will allow life to return to normal even if it does not eliminate the virus."